Current evidence on the use of succinic acid for pain control in infants: efficacy, safety and adverse effects

Abstract

Introduction: Pain in babies during tooth eruption worries parents, leading them to consult professionals in search of treatments to reduce symptoms. Succinic acid appears as a potential option for pain control due to its analgesic properties. However, it is important to critically evaluate the available evidence to determine its efficacy, safety and possible adverse effects. Literature review: A review of the literature was carried out, including primary studies and systematic reviews that investigated the use of this acid in controlling pain in babies. The database used was PubMed, with the descriptors amber; Deciduous Teeth; Pain; Babies; Strangulation; and Local Symptoms and their English version. Two authors selected the references and data were extracted until May 2024. The analysis of the studies revealed diversity in relation to the use of this acid in pain control. Regarding safety, in addition to the lack of evidence of the clinical effectiveness of the amber necklace, its use also involves risks to the baby's health, such as choking and strangulation. Current evidence on the use of succinic acid for pain control in infants is limited and heterogeneous. Conclusions: This work emphasizes the low number of publications on the subject, in addition to the high prevalence of studies with a low level of evidence. Thus, the amber necklace offers more risks than evidence of reducing discomfort caused by tooth eruption, suggesting caution until more evidence is available.