Non-Restorative Caries Management in a 1-Year-Old Pediatric Patient

Abstract

Introduction: Early childhood caries is a multifactorial disease that affects children under five years of age. It is characterized by rapid progression and significant functional, aesthetic, and psychosocial impact. Due to the limitations of conventional restorative approaches, non-restorative strategies have been proposed as effective and safe alternatives. These include silver diamine fluoride, varnishes, sealants, resin infiltration, supervised brushing with fluoride toothpaste, and behavioral techniques such as habit modification and motivational interviewing. This case presents the follow-up of a one-year-old female patient with caries, treated over an 18-month period using a non-restorative approach. With no pathological history, she presented with dental stains; her diet included frequent intake of formula, sweets, and juices, limited tooth brushing, and no prior dental visits. From the first appointment, fluoride varnish was applied, and brushing techniques were taught and reinforced through family guidance. Later, MI Paste Plus was introduced, along with regular prophylaxis sessions, clinical evaluations, and motivational reinforcement. Although crown restorations were considered, the decision was made to continue with the non-invasive approach due to clinical improvement and strong family involvement. A habit-tracking chart was incorporated as an educational tool. The outcome was successful lesion control and the development of an effective support network. Conclusion: Caries cannot be cured through restorations alone. While rehabilitation is important, it is essential to change dietary habits, improve oral hygiene, use remineralizing agents, and attend regular pediatric dental visits.