Oral rehabilitation under general anesthesia of a patient diagnosed with congenital hydronephrosis

Abstract

Introduction: Congenital hydronephrosis are renal changes of pyelocaliceal dilation and parenchymal atrophy that occur as a consequence of urinary obstruction; any definition of hydronephrosis has an involvement of the upper excretory pathway, morphologically and functionally affecting the kidney, and can lead to obstructive nephropathy. Objective: Is to present the dental management under general anesthesia of a patient with congenital hydronephrosis.50% of ultrasound lesions detected before delivery correspond to hydronephrosis; it is more common in males; the etiology is due to birth defects. Hydronephrosis can be asymptomatic but sometimes there may be: pain in the kidney area, kidney failure, hematuria, fever, anemia, ascites, loss of appetite. Diagnosis of congenital hydronephrosis is made with: complete blood count, general urine and kidney function test, with imaging techniques. Treatment: Management should be conservative and antibacterial prophylaxis should be given if there is reflux associated with moderate and severe hydronephrosis, including nephrectomy. Clinical case: 3-year-old male, diagnosed with congenital hydronephrosis, patient Frankl 2; presents early dentition, ICDAS caries lesions from 0 to 6, dental bacterial plaque. Oral rehabilitation was performed under general anesthesia, filling with composite resin, pulpotomy and chrome steel crown, with pit and fissure sealants, application of fluoride varnish. Conclusion: The oral rehabilitation of these patients is important, since it is necessary to keep them free of infectious foci, a preventive oral hygiene scheme should be given to the patient and their relatives.