Severe enamel hypoplasia in young permanent teeth

Abstract

Introduction: Enamel hypoplasia is a defect that occurs in odontogenesis due to incomplete formation of the organic enamel matrix. According to the literature review, more than 40% of children present it, with the male gender being the most prevalent. Clinical manifestations range from white or opaque spots to brown cavitations. Late care seriously affects the teeth, causing hypersensitivity and rapidly progressive carious lesions, triggering pulp pathology and, therefore, the treatment of choice will be pulp therapy. Case presentation: Apparently healthy 10-year-old male patient, with a diagnosis of enamel hypoplasia with greater severity in the lower centrals, lower right first molar and upper left first premolar. Phase I of preventive treatment; prophylaxis, application of fluoride varnish, fissure sealants, and biofilm control. Phase II, extractions were performed due to physiological resorption of 55 and 65. Subsequently, root canal treatments of teeth 31, 41, 42 and 46 were carried out. Pulp capping of 32 continued. In addition, revascularization of 24 was performed. All teeth treated They were previously reconstructed with glass ionomer. Clinical and radiographic follow-up consultations will be every 6 months. Conclusions: The late diagnosis and care of enamel hypoplasia considerably affects the dental tissues, putting their vitality and lifespan at risk. Currently, the diversity of options to perform effective pulp therapy in young teeth with this condition promises long-term clinical success.