Non-syndromic oligodontia in a pediatric patient: An interdisciplinary approach

Abstract

Introduction. Non-syndromic oligodontia is defined as the congenital absence of six or more permanent teeth, without association with systemic syndromes. This rare condition, with a multifactorial etiology, can significantly affect oral function, aesthetics, and the psychological well-being of the pediatric patient. Early diagnosis and an interdisciplinary approach are essential to achieving successful clinical management. Case Report. This case presents a 9-year-old female patient diagnosed with non-syndromic oligodontia. Clinically, multiple missing teeth, edge-to-edge bite, wide diastemas, and tooth rotations were observed. Radiographically, agenesis of 16 permanent teeth and delayed eruption of the first permanent molars were noted. The treatment plan included the use of 2x4 orthodontic appliances in both arches to correct and align the incisal relationship, align anterior teeth, and distribute space for prosthetic rehabilitation. Thermoformed retainers with artificial teeth were fabricated to improve aesthetics and preserve space. Conclusions. The management of non-syndromic oligodontia in childhood requires early orthodontic and prosthetic planning with an interdisciplinary approach. Early interdisciplinary intervention helps prevent alterations in craniofacial development, optimize masticatory function, improve aesthetics, and mitigate the emotional impact on the patient.